02.35
Tour East Java
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Minggu, 02 Oktober 2011
Sabtu, 01 Oktober 2011
Semeru Mount History
Semeru semeruGunung history or Sumeru mountain is the highest volcano in Java, with its peak Mahameru, 3.676 meters from sea level. The crater at the summit of Mount Semeru known Jonggring Saloko.
Semeru has Hill dipterocarp forest, dipterocarp forest Upper Montane Forest, and Forest Ericaceous or mountain forests.
The position of this mountain lies between the region and Lumajang pentadbiran Malang regency, with the geographic location between 8 ° 06 'latitude and 120 ° 55' East Longitude.
In 1913 and 1946 Crater Jonggring Saloka have dome with a height of 3744.8 M until the end of November 1973. To the south, the dome is to solve the edge of the crater caused lava flows to the southern portion Pasirian area, Candiputro and Lumajang.
Travel
Climbing to the top of Mount Semeru takes time for four days to go and back. To climb the mountain climber must respect through the city of Malang or Lumajang. Malaysia climbers from the city terminal vehicles can climb to the village lay Overlapping and spliced again by jeep or lorry vehicles there is lots of vegetables in the back of the terminal market Overlapping with a boarding Rp.13.000, - until the Postal Ranu Pani.
Previously we went to Gubugklakah need to invoke the letter of truth, with the details, boarding letter Rp.6.000 truth, - for maxima 10 people, boarding Rp.2.000 per person park entrance and a Rp.2.000 insuran.
Then by using these vehicles, the trip commenced from Overlapping to Ranu Pani, the last village at the foot of Mount Semeru. Here there are checkpoints, there are also stalls and cottages. Climbers can also spend the night at the guard post. In Pos Ranu Pani also there are two lakes namely tasik Ranu Pani (1 ha) and Ranu Regulo lake (0.75 ha). Located at an altitude of 2200 rather than sea level.
After arriving at the gate "welcome", look continues to the left toward the hill, do not follow the wide road to the farm population. In addition to the usual path bypassed the climbers, there is also a shortcut which is used by hikers Tempatan, but this path is very steep.
Initial lane ramps, slopes down the hill covered with reed plants. There are no signs pointing toward the road, but there are signs on every measure of the distance of 100 meters. There are many fallen trees and branches above his head.
After walking about 5 miles down the hillside overgrown Edelweis, and will arrive at Watu Rejeng. Here there is a very beautiful craggy rocks. Very beautiful scenery to the valley and hills, overgrown with pine forest and Pine principal. Sometimes smoke can be seen from the top of Semeru. To go to Ranu Kumbolo still have to continue the journey in about 4.5 km.
In Ranu Kumbolo can establish khemah. There is a lake with water that is clean and has beautiful scenery, especially in the morning to watch the sunrise dicelah hill-gaps. There are lots of fish, birds sometimes wild grouse. Ranu Kumbolo located at an altitude of 2.400 m with an area of 14 acres.
Of Ranu Kumbolo should provide as much water as possible. Leaving Ranu Kumbolo then climb the steep hill, with beautiful views over the lake behind. In front of the hill lies a vast prairie called the Oro-oro Ombo. Oro-oro Ombo surrounded by hills and mountains with beautiful views, large meadow with pine trees on slopes such as in Europe. From the opposite mountain peak of Mount Semeru Kepolo visible smoke menhemburkan wedus trash.
Further into the forest where fir is sometimes found birds and deer. This area is called Cemoro Cage.
Pos Kalimati at an altitude of 2.700 m, can be set up here for berehat khemah. The headings in the form of large meadow at the edge of pine forest, so many available branches to make a bonfire.
There is a spring water source Mani, to the west (right) tracing Kalimati forest edges with a distance of 1 hour round trip. In Kalimati and there are many rats in Arcopodo Mt.
To go Arcopodo turn left (East) runs about 500 meters, then turn right (south) down the little meadow Kalimati. Arcopodo within 1 hour of Kalimati through pine forests which are very steep, with soils prone to landslides and dusty. Can we also camped in Arcopodo, but the terrain is less stable and often collapse. We recommend using goggles and cover your nose because a lot of ash flying. Arcopodo located at an altitude of 2.900 m, Arcopodo is the last area of vegetation on Mount Semeru, the rest will pass through the dunes.
Arcopodo to the summit of Semeru takes 3-4 hours, through a very steep sand dunes and peroi. All items should be brought or left on Arcopodo in Kalimati. Climbing to the summit made the early morning at around 2:00 am from Arcopodo.
At noon the wind cendurung north toward the summit carrying toxic gases from the crater Jonggring Saloka.
The climb should be done in the dry season months of Jun, Julai, Ogos, and September. Should not climb in the rainy season since there are often noisy and soil collapse.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Poison Gas
At the peak of Mount Semeru (Peak Mahameru) climbers are advised not to crater Jonggring Saloko, also banned from climbing the south side, because of the poisonous gas and lava flows. Mahameru dipuncak temperature range 40-10 degrees Celsius, at the height of the dry season minus 0 degrees Celsius, and ice crystals found. Weather is often foggy, especially at noon, afternoon and evening. The wind was blowing hard, in the month of December to January is often a storm.
Wedus trash eruptions occur every 15-30 minutes away at the peak of Mount Semeru is still active. In November 1997 Gn.Semeru erupted as much as 2990 times. At noon the wind direction to the summit, to avoid it came in the afternoon peak, because of toxic gases and the eruption leads to the summit.
The eruption of white smoke, gray to black with a height of 300-800 meters eruption. The material that comes out at every eruption of ash, sand, gravel, rocks and even the heat is on very dangerous if hikers are too close. In early 1994 the hot lava flowed south slope Gn.Semeru and asked several casualties, hot views of the river winding towards the sea becomes a very interesting spectacle.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Climate
In general the climate in the area of Mount Semeru, including climate type B (Schmidt and Ferguson) with rainfall 927 mm - 5498 mm per year with the number of rainy days 136 days / year and the rainy season falls in the month of November to April. Semeru dipuncak Temperatures ranged between 0-4 degrees Celsius.
The average temperature ranges between 3 ° C - 8 ° c at night and early morning, whereas during the day ranged between 15 ° c - 21 ° c. Sometimes it happens in some areas a small snowfall that occurs during the rainy season changes to dry season or vice versa. Cold temperatures along this route is not solely caused by the still air but is supported by the wind that blows into this area causes the air gets colder.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
National Park
The mountain is included in the area of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The park consists of mountains and valleys covering an area of 50273.3 hectares. There are several mountains inside the caldera Gn.Tengger among others; Gn.Bromo (2.392m) Gn. Batok (2.470m) Gn.Kursi (2.581 m) Gn.Watangan (2.662m) Gn.Widodaren (2.650m). There are four lakes (ranu): Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, Ranu Kumbolo, Ranu Darungan.
Flora in the Region of Mount Semeru, but a lot of diverse types dominated by spruce, acacia, pine, and the type Jamuju. As for the bottom vegetation dominated by Kirinyuh, reeds, tembelekan, Edelwiss harendong and white, Edelwiss that is widely available on the slopes to the summit of Semeru. And also found several species of orchids that live around endernik South Semeru.
Many of the fauna that inhabit the mountain Sumeru, among others: Tiger beetles, leaf monkey, Civet, Deer, Mouse Deer, etc.. While in there Kumbolo Ranu surviving wild grouse.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
First Ascent
Semeru has Hill dipterocarp forest, dipterocarp forest Upper Montane Forest, and Forest Ericaceous or mountain forests.
The position of this mountain lies between the region and Lumajang pentadbiran Malang regency, with the geographic location between 8 ° 06 'latitude and 120 ° 55' East Longitude.
In 1913 and 1946 Crater Jonggring Saloka have dome with a height of 3744.8 M until the end of November 1973. To the south, the dome is to solve the edge of the crater caused lava flows to the southern portion Pasirian area, Candiputro and Lumajang.
Travel
Climbing to the top of Mount Semeru takes time for four days to go and back. To climb the mountain climber must respect through the city of Malang or Lumajang. Malaysia climbers from the city terminal vehicles can climb to the village lay Overlapping and spliced again by jeep or lorry vehicles there is lots of vegetables in the back of the terminal market Overlapping with a boarding Rp.13.000, - until the Postal Ranu Pani.
Previously we went to Gubugklakah need to invoke the letter of truth, with the details, boarding letter Rp.6.000 truth, - for maxima 10 people, boarding Rp.2.000 per person park entrance and a Rp.2.000 insuran.
Then by using these vehicles, the trip commenced from Overlapping to Ranu Pani, the last village at the foot of Mount Semeru. Here there are checkpoints, there are also stalls and cottages. Climbers can also spend the night at the guard post. In Pos Ranu Pani also there are two lakes namely tasik Ranu Pani (1 ha) and Ranu Regulo lake (0.75 ha). Located at an altitude of 2200 rather than sea level.
After arriving at the gate "welcome", look continues to the left toward the hill, do not follow the wide road to the farm population. In addition to the usual path bypassed the climbers, there is also a shortcut which is used by hikers Tempatan, but this path is very steep.
Initial lane ramps, slopes down the hill covered with reed plants. There are no signs pointing toward the road, but there are signs on every measure of the distance of 100 meters. There are many fallen trees and branches above his head.
After walking about 5 miles down the hillside overgrown Edelweis, and will arrive at Watu Rejeng. Here there is a very beautiful craggy rocks. Very beautiful scenery to the valley and hills, overgrown with pine forest and Pine principal. Sometimes smoke can be seen from the top of Semeru. To go to Ranu Kumbolo still have to continue the journey in about 4.5 km.
In Ranu Kumbolo can establish khemah. There is a lake with water that is clean and has beautiful scenery, especially in the morning to watch the sunrise dicelah hill-gaps. There are lots of fish, birds sometimes wild grouse. Ranu Kumbolo located at an altitude of 2.400 m with an area of 14 acres.
Of Ranu Kumbolo should provide as much water as possible. Leaving Ranu Kumbolo then climb the steep hill, with beautiful views over the lake behind. In front of the hill lies a vast prairie called the Oro-oro Ombo. Oro-oro Ombo surrounded by hills and mountains with beautiful views, large meadow with pine trees on slopes such as in Europe. From the opposite mountain peak of Mount Semeru Kepolo visible smoke menhemburkan wedus trash.
Further into the forest where fir is sometimes found birds and deer. This area is called Cemoro Cage.
Pos Kalimati at an altitude of 2.700 m, can be set up here for berehat khemah. The headings in the form of large meadow at the edge of pine forest, so many available branches to make a bonfire.
There is a spring water source Mani, to the west (right) tracing Kalimati forest edges with a distance of 1 hour round trip. In Kalimati and there are many rats in Arcopodo Mt.
To go Arcopodo turn left (East) runs about 500 meters, then turn right (south) down the little meadow Kalimati. Arcopodo within 1 hour of Kalimati through pine forests which are very steep, with soils prone to landslides and dusty. Can we also camped in Arcopodo, but the terrain is less stable and often collapse. We recommend using goggles and cover your nose because a lot of ash flying. Arcopodo located at an altitude of 2.900 m, Arcopodo is the last area of vegetation on Mount Semeru, the rest will pass through the dunes.
Arcopodo to the summit of Semeru takes 3-4 hours, through a very steep sand dunes and peroi. All items should be brought or left on Arcopodo in Kalimati. Climbing to the summit made the early morning at around 2:00 am from Arcopodo.
At noon the wind cendurung north toward the summit carrying toxic gases from the crater Jonggring Saloka.
The climb should be done in the dry season months of Jun, Julai, Ogos, and September. Should not climb in the rainy season since there are often noisy and soil collapse.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Poison Gas
At the peak of Mount Semeru (Peak Mahameru) climbers are advised not to crater Jonggring Saloko, also banned from climbing the south side, because of the poisonous gas and lava flows. Mahameru dipuncak temperature range 40-10 degrees Celsius, at the height of the dry season minus 0 degrees Celsius, and ice crystals found. Weather is often foggy, especially at noon, afternoon and evening. The wind was blowing hard, in the month of December to January is often a storm.
Wedus trash eruptions occur every 15-30 minutes away at the peak of Mount Semeru is still active. In November 1997 Gn.Semeru erupted as much as 2990 times. At noon the wind direction to the summit, to avoid it came in the afternoon peak, because of toxic gases and the eruption leads to the summit.
The eruption of white smoke, gray to black with a height of 300-800 meters eruption. The material that comes out at every eruption of ash, sand, gravel, rocks and even the heat is on very dangerous if hikers are too close. In early 1994 the hot lava flowed south slope Gn.Semeru and asked several casualties, hot views of the river winding towards the sea becomes a very interesting spectacle.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Climate
In general the climate in the area of Mount Semeru, including climate type B (Schmidt and Ferguson) with rainfall 927 mm - 5498 mm per year with the number of rainy days 136 days / year and the rainy season falls in the month of November to April. Semeru dipuncak Temperatures ranged between 0-4 degrees Celsius.
The average temperature ranges between 3 ° C - 8 ° c at night and early morning, whereas during the day ranged between 15 ° c - 21 ° c. Sometimes it happens in some areas a small snowfall that occurs during the rainy season changes to dry season or vice versa. Cold temperatures along this route is not solely caused by the still air but is supported by the wind that blows into this area causes the air gets colder.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
National Park
The mountain is included in the area of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The park consists of mountains and valleys covering an area of 50273.3 hectares. There are several mountains inside the caldera Gn.Tengger among others; Gn.Bromo (2.392m) Gn. Batok (2.470m) Gn.Kursi (2.581 m) Gn.Watangan (2.662m) Gn.Widodaren (2.650m). There are four lakes (ranu): Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, Ranu Kumbolo, Ranu Darungan.
Flora in the Region of Mount Semeru, but a lot of diverse types dominated by spruce, acacia, pine, and the type Jamuju. As for the bottom vegetation dominated by Kirinyuh, reeds, tembelekan, Edelwiss harendong and white, Edelwiss that is widely available on the slopes to the summit of Semeru. And also found several species of orchids that live around endernik South Semeru.
Many of the fauna that inhabit the mountain Sumeru, among others: Tiger beetles, leaf monkey, Civet, Deer, Mouse Deer, etc.. While in there Kumbolo Ranu surviving wild grouse.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
First Ascent
The first person to climb this mountain is Clignet (1838) a Dutch geologist from the southwest through Widodaren, then Junhuhn (1945) a Dutch botanist from the north through the mountain-ayek Ayet, mountains and mountain Inder Inder-Kepolo. In 1911 Van Gogh and Heim via the northern slope and after 1945 are generally carried out through the northern slopes climbing through Ranupane and Ranu Kumbolo it is today.
Sendang Biru Beach
Sendang Biru Beach is located on Sumbermanjing Wetan distric, about 69 km from the south of Malang, East Java. It is well known for the biggest fish auction in Malang and a place for fishing harbour. It is called Sendang Biru because it has a blue water.(Sendang in Javanesse language means source of water).
In special occasion such as Syawalan (it is the 7th or 8th day in the month of Syawal) many people take a boats to the Pulau Sempu to take the water from its spring water. It is believed just like “Widodaren water” in Wendit which can bring many advantages for health.
The beach that facing Pulau Sempu only separated by a narrow strait which is often used for sailing or other water sports. Pulau Sempu is a nature reserve with freshwater lake full of catfish spread in the forest and lakes around the island.
Sempu Island is technically a natural conservation area, 60 km from malang, east java with no population except the wildlife. It’s only a 5 minutes boat trip from a fisherman’s village called sendang biru. the boat will stop at teluk semut (ant’s bay) in sempu island.
My destination at sempu island is a lagoon located inside the island called segara anakan. from teluk semut we have to walk about 2 hours to reach segara anakan in normal condition. unlucky for me, the rain pour hard the night before i came. so the track is slippery and muddy and we need about 3 hours to reach segara anakan.
But it’s all worth it. I was welcomed by a beautiful white beach with calm clear water with high rock on the other side. As if it is my own swimming pool. The first instinct after a muddy walk is to dive in to the water. There’s water splashing inside from the ocean through a hole from the rock. It’s getting dark, I look above and after years living in a big city I realize it’s been a while since I a clear starry night sky.
I lie down on the beach. Looking at the sky hearing the ocean waves splashing the island’s rocks then fell asleep. the next day I climb the rock on the side of the island. on top you can sit and enjoy the view of the Indian ocean. hope one day you’ll be here, trust me, in sempu you’ll realize how small you are in this world.
In special occasion such as Syawalan (it is the 7th or 8th day in the month of Syawal) many people take a boats to the Pulau Sempu to take the water from its spring water. It is believed just like “Widodaren water” in Wendit which can bring many advantages for health.
The beach that facing Pulau Sempu only separated by a narrow strait which is often used for sailing or other water sports. Pulau Sempu is a nature reserve with freshwater lake full of catfish spread in the forest and lakes around the island.
Sempu Island is technically a natural conservation area, 60 km from malang, east java with no population except the wildlife. It’s only a 5 minutes boat trip from a fisherman’s village called sendang biru. the boat will stop at teluk semut (ant’s bay) in sempu island.
My destination at sempu island is a lagoon located inside the island called segara anakan. from teluk semut we have to walk about 2 hours to reach segara anakan in normal condition. unlucky for me, the rain pour hard the night before i came. so the track is slippery and muddy and we need about 3 hours to reach segara anakan.
But it’s all worth it. I was welcomed by a beautiful white beach with calm clear water with high rock on the other side. As if it is my own swimming pool. The first instinct after a muddy walk is to dive in to the water. There’s water splashing inside from the ocean through a hole from the rock. It’s getting dark, I look above and after years living in a big city I realize it’s been a while since I a clear starry night sky.
I lie down on the beach. Looking at the sky hearing the ocean waves splashing the island’s rocks then fell asleep. the next day I climb the rock on the side of the island. on top you can sit and enjoy the view of the Indian ocean. hope one day you’ll be here, trust me, in sempu you’ll realize how small you are in this world.
Ngliyep Beach
The Legend of Nyi Roro Kidul…. Hundreds of Years Javanese Peoples believe that She a Queen… a Mighty Ruler of South Ocean … in Bahasa Indonesia : Ratu (Queen) Nyi Roro Kidul (= South) Penguasa Laut Selatan
Ngliyep Beach Tourism – Donomulyo
Ngliyep beach has beautiful rocky beach at the southern part of Malang Regency, where gigantic waves meet coral reef. In addition, it has an island with a lush green tropical shore-forest giving more enchantment to the beach. This beach is provided with some facilities such as: stalls, souvenir shop, inns, etc.Annually the traditional ceremony Labuhan Mulud (offering ceremony) is held here. Labuhan Mulud is the traditional ceremony that always held in the beach at Malang regency.
Ngliyep beach lies at Kedungsalam village, Donomulyo district, about 62 km a way to the south from Malang. Visit Ngliyep beach and enjoy its wonderful waves. The visitors can swimming, sun banthing, or fishing here
Ngliyep beach has beautiful rocky beach at the southern part of Malang Regency, where gigantic waves meet coral reef. In addition, it has an island with a lush green tropical shore-forest giving more enchantment to the beach. This beach is provided with some facilities such as: stalls, souvenir shop, inns, etc.Annually the traditional ceremony Labuhan Mulud (offering ceremony) is held here. Labuhan Mulud is the traditional ceremony that always held in the beach at Malang regency.
Ngliyep beach lies at Kedungsalam village, Donomulyo district, about 62 km a way to the south from Malang. Visit Ngliyep beach and enjoy its wonderful waves. The visitors can swimming, sun banthing, or fishing here
Purwodadi Botanical GardenPurwodadi Botanical Garden
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is located at Purwodadi, in the countryside of Pasuruan, East Java and is situated on the main road which connects three cities in East Java; Malang, Surabaya and Pasuruan. It is about 24 km from Malang, 30 km from Pasuruan and 70 km from the capital Surabaya. It covers an area of 85 ha which is at an altitude of about 300 m above sea level. The average annual rainfall is 2366 mm.
Purwodadi Botanic Garden was established in 1939 by Dr D.F. van Slooten, as one of three branches of the Indonesian Botanic Gardens.
Tasks and Functions
The main task of Purwodadi Botanic Garden is to inventory, explore and conserve semi arid lowland plant species of scientific value.
In conducting this task, Purwodadi Botanic Garden has functions such as :
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is used as a place for conservation and research on semi arid lowland plant species. In December 1995, the garden had a collection of 3,323 species, from 940 genera in 149 families. This collection consists of Orchids 525 species, Zingiberaceae 40 species, Dioscoreaceae tuber crops 6 species, Fabaceae 160 species, Moraceae 133 species, ferns 80 species, bananas 3 species and 150 cultivars, and medicinal herbs 300 species. The facilities in the garden include a library, seed collections, nurseries and glass houses.
Besides being a place for conservation and research, the garden is also a place for public recreation. Recreational facilities provided include lawns, seats and shelters which all encourage visitors to sit, relax and enjoy the serene surroundings. Visitors can also jog on the roads while enjoying the fresh air and admiring the diversity of flora in the garden.
A small guest house is available especially for researchers and colleagues. Bookings can be made through the office during work hours at least two days in advance.
Introducing the Garden
The main gate of Purwodadi Botanic Garden was built using the architecture of a Penataran Temple and is specific to East Java. After entering the gate, we are on the main road of the garden. The road divides the garden into two regions, namely Region I (on the right) and Region II (on the left). Species such as Jacaranda obtusifolia H.B.K.,Cassia fistula Linn., Ficus lyrata Warb., Bombax ceiba Linn. and Carmona retusa (Vahl.) Mas have been planted as wayside trees and fence plants. From the main road Mt Baung can be seen in the distance.
Palm Area
The Palm Area lies near the main gate, just some metres from the main gate on the right hand side (in Region I). There are 40 genera and 80 species of palms planted in this area. They have potential uses as carbohydrate, oil, sugar and fruit producing plants. Metroxylon saguRottb. is a source of carbohydrate which is a food staple in Irian Jaya and the Maluccan Islands. Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. can be used for many purposes such as flour (from the inner stem), brushes/brooms (from the leaf rachis and fibres), palm sugar (made from the juice from male flowers), and fruit from the female flowers is called “kolang-kaling” commonly eaten in a sweet syrup. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. os one of oil-producing species which is widely cultivated in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss & Vilm., which is native to Java, produces edible fruits. The are also some ornamental palms such as Licuala grandis H.A.Wendl., Veitchia merrillii(Becc.) H.E. Moore and Raphis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry ex Rehd.
Adjacent to the palm area, the are some interesting plants such as the medicinal plant Altonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. or “pule” the bark of which is used as a tonicum; Musa ferrea L. of which the seed oil is used to treat scabies; and the Sapindus rarak DC. or “Klerak” from which the fruit are used to wash batic clothes.
In this area is also the largest flower in the world, Amorphophallus titanum Becc. which reaches1.8-2.0 metres high and about 30-40 cm in diameter. Flowers smell like carrion. Unfortunately this species produces flowers only once every 3-4 years.
On the southern edge of the palm area are planted Syzygium cuminii(L.) Skeels, also known as “Juwet” or “jemblang”. The fruit are edible, but not as popular as other species. There are many “juwet cultivars in the garden including “juwet daging”, “juwet gentong”, “juwet kerikil”, “juwet hitan” and “juwet putih”. The fruit, particularly of “juwet putih” is used to treat diabetes.
Mexican Park
The Mexican Park is in Region II. The park is not far from the main gate, walk a few metres then turn left and pass the sealed road lined with the rare tree species Aegle marmelos (l.) Corr., Limonia acidissima L.,Santalum album L. and Manilkara kauki (L.) Dubard. Santalum album L., commonly known as “sandalwood” or “cendana”, is native to Timor and the eastern islands of Indonesia. The oil produced from this species is commercially valuable.
Most species planted in the Mexican Park originate from Mexico, such as cacti and agave. Other genera found in the park include Sansevieria,Ophiopogon, Cereus, Euphorbia, Jatropha and Plumeria. Next to the park there is the “Giant Sengon” (Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb.) which is the biggest tree in the garden with a trunk diameter of 2.60 metre. The wood of this species is used for pulp and the seeds are edible after frying.
Fern Collection
The Fern Collection lies next to the ponds, about 200 metres from the main gate. Here is a shady place created by a mixture of canopy-forming trees such as Terminalia ivorensis A. Chev., Oroxylum indicum(L.) Vent, Spathodea campanulata Beauv. and Elaeocarpus grandiflorusJ.E. Smith. Beneath the canopy are growing about 80 species of ferns, belonging to 18 families. Asplenium nidus Linn. is well known as the “Bird’s Nest Fern” and grows as an epiphyte. The leaves form a shape similar to a bird’s nest which collects leaf-litter that is used by the plant as a source of nourishment. Cyathea contaminans (Hook.) Copel is a tree fern often used as an ornemental plant, for building materials and media for growing orchids. Because of the high demand for this species it is becoming endangered. Lygodium circinnatum (Burm.f.) Sw. or “string fern” is a climbing fern used for making handicrafts.
Fabaceae Collection
After entering the main gate, pass the Mexican Park and walk to the north side of the garden where the legume (Fabaceae) collection is. Here are planted native and exotic legumes such as Adenanthera pavonina Linn. or “segawe” which produces a red seed often used for decoration; Parkia javanica (Lmk.) Merr. or “kedawung” which is a medicinal plant; Parkia speciosa Hassk. or “pete” the seed of which is eaten as a vegetable; Cynometra cauliflora Linn. or “nam-nam” which is a rare species and has an edible fruit. There are also some climbing legumes such as Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth., Lysiphyllum binatum(Blanco) De Wit. and Phanera lingua (DC.) Miq.
Bamboo Collection
The Bamboo Area is not far from the Mexican Park. Some of the species in the collection come from Java, such as Gigantochloa manggong Wijaya (endemic to East Java); G. atroviolaceae Wijaya or “black bamboo”;Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backer ex Heyne or “pring petung” the young shoots of which can be eaten as a vegetable; Schizostachyum blumii Ness or “pring wuluh” which is used for making handicrafts and “seruling”, a kind of musical instrument.
Garcinia Lawn
The Garcinia Lawn lies about 300 metres from the main gate. SomeFeroniella lucida (Scheff.) Swingle which are well known as “kawisto kerikil”, are planted along the western edge of the lawn. The growth habit of this species is suitable for bonsai. Some interesting trees on the southern edge of the lawn are “mundu” (Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz.), a rare species which produces sweet fruit; “jati belanda” (Guazuma ulmifolia Lmk.) which is used to assist weight loss (slimming). On the northern edge of lawn can be seen Crescentia cujete Linn. or “majapahit” which has an historical account in the Majapahit period (an important Kingdom in the past), and it’s wood can be used for making handicrafts. There are also Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz,Hydnocarpus sumatrana (Miq.) Kds., Cerbera manghas Linn. and Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. that the Javanese call “pilang” and is a well-known semi-arid lowland species.
Across this lawn there is a stand of teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f.) which lose their leaves during the dry season and grow again during the rain season. Teak wood is high quality, hard and strong, and is very good for construction and furniture.
Bungur Avenue
In the rain season, the Bungur Avenue is very beautiful when the Bungur trees (Lagerstroemia thorelii Garnep.) are flowering. However, in the dry season the leaves fall and the trees are bare. This avenue is about 500 metres from the main gate, on the left side. The avenue also functions as the border between the Lauraceae and Annonaceae collections. Passing the avenue, in the northern part of the garden there are a number of collections from families such as Simaroubaceae, Burseraceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Clusiaceae, Myristicaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Malpighiaceae and Sterculiaceae.
Orchid Collection and Nurseries
The Orchid Collection is located in three glass houses which are located to the south of the garden’s office. There are 525 species of orchids in the collection, such as Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum J.J.S. which is endemic to East Java and has beautiful flowers in the shape of women’s slippers; Dendrobium phalaenopsis Fitzg.; Ascocentrum miniatum Lindl. which is becoming rare in nature; Phalaenopsis amabilis(L.) Bl. which is the floral symbol “puspa pesona” of Indonesia because of its beautiful flowers; Dendobium rumphianum T. & B. which is often used for breeding stock because of the long-lived flowers (up to 49 days).
There are 2 nurseries in the garden. The first nursery is next to the Orchid Collection and consists of 3 glass houses. If we walk 100 metres to the east from this nursery we will arrive at the Gymnosperm Collection. This collection consists of 11 genera, belonging to 7 families: Juniperus, Cupressus, Araucaria, Agathis, Taxodium, Thuja,Gnetum, Cycas, Podocarpus, Zamia and Dioon. The second nursery is in this area. Around the nursery can be seen the Bromeliad and Agave collection. In this area the Yam Collection of Dioscorea alata L., D. esculenta (Lour.) Burk., D. hispida Dennst., D. pentaphylla L., D. nummularia Lamk and D. bulbifera can also be seen.
Arboretum
If we walk along the main road about 800 metres from the main gate, on the right side we will find an arboretum. We can also reach the arboretum from the second nursery by following the sealed road (in front of the nursery), turn right into the Kenitu Avenue (Chrysophyllum cainito Linn.) and pass a square lawn. Some seeldings from the nurseries are planted in the garden as collections, but the rest are planted in the arboretum. The arboretum is dominated by Swietenia macrophylla King, Piptadenia peregrina Benth., Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.,Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Millettia xylocarpa Miq. andLagerstroemia spp. One of the aims of the arboretum is to display natural forest succession.
Just after the arboretum is the Mango Collection. In this collection are 4 species and 37 cultivars of mangoes, Mangifera indica Linn., M. foetidaLour., M. odorata Griff., and M. minor.
To the east of the Mango Collection, is a pond surrounded by species such as Canarium indicum Linn. which produces wood used in construction; Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. a medicinal species;Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Back. which produces tannin; and the ornamental species Stifftia chrysantha Mikan, Canna sp., Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Firmiana malayana Kosterm. The pond is also used to irrigate plants in this area. After enjoying the scenery around the pond, we walk past the Diospyros Avenue. Near this avenue is a collection of Ixora showing the variety of habit, leaf size and flower colour.
Banana Collection
The Banana Collection lies in the north-eastern corner of the garden. To reach the collection, walk along the main road for about 1 km, turn left, and walk past the Acanthaceae, Bignoniaceae and Verbenaceae collections. There are 150 cultivars of banana planted in this collection. Some are native to Java while others have been collected from other islands in Indonesia. Musa acuminata x balbisiana or “pisang kates” is one of the rare and threatened cultivars in the collection.
Opening Times
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is open to the public from 7:00 am until 4:00 pm, Monday – Sunday. The office is open Monday-Thursday from 6:00 am until 3:00 pm and Friday 6:00 am until 10:00 am. Visitors wanting information about the garden, the collections, seed or plant sales, and botanical research are welcome to visit the office during work hours.
There is a small admission charge. Parking is available for motorbikes, cars and buses. Cars are permitted to enter the garden with a special admission fee with the exception of Sunday and public holidays.
Visitor Code
Please help us to take care of the garden during your visit by following the rules.
We request visitors to remember to:
Purwodadi Botanic Garden was established in 1939 by Dr D.F. van Slooten, as one of three branches of the Indonesian Botanic Gardens.
Tasks and Functions
The main task of Purwodadi Botanic Garden is to inventory, explore and conserve semi arid lowland plant species of scientific value.
In conducting this task, Purwodadi Botanic Garden has functions such as :
- To inventory, explore and conserve species which have scientific value, especially the Indonesian flora requiring a relatively dry climate and growing in lowland areas;
- To provide guidance, research and education facilities;
- To make the garden available as a place for recreation.
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is used as a place for conservation and research on semi arid lowland plant species. In December 1995, the garden had a collection of 3,323 species, from 940 genera in 149 families. This collection consists of Orchids 525 species, Zingiberaceae 40 species, Dioscoreaceae tuber crops 6 species, Fabaceae 160 species, Moraceae 133 species, ferns 80 species, bananas 3 species and 150 cultivars, and medicinal herbs 300 species. The facilities in the garden include a library, seed collections, nurseries and glass houses.
Besides being a place for conservation and research, the garden is also a place for public recreation. Recreational facilities provided include lawns, seats and shelters which all encourage visitors to sit, relax and enjoy the serene surroundings. Visitors can also jog on the roads while enjoying the fresh air and admiring the diversity of flora in the garden.
A small guest house is available especially for researchers and colleagues. Bookings can be made through the office during work hours at least two days in advance.
Introducing the Garden
The main gate of Purwodadi Botanic Garden was built using the architecture of a Penataran Temple and is specific to East Java. After entering the gate, we are on the main road of the garden. The road divides the garden into two regions, namely Region I (on the right) and Region II (on the left). Species such as Jacaranda obtusifolia H.B.K.,Cassia fistula Linn., Ficus lyrata Warb., Bombax ceiba Linn. and Carmona retusa (Vahl.) Mas have been planted as wayside trees and fence plants. From the main road Mt Baung can be seen in the distance.
Palm Area
The Palm Area lies near the main gate, just some metres from the main gate on the right hand side (in Region I). There are 40 genera and 80 species of palms planted in this area. They have potential uses as carbohydrate, oil, sugar and fruit producing plants. Metroxylon saguRottb. is a source of carbohydrate which is a food staple in Irian Jaya and the Maluccan Islands. Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. can be used for many purposes such as flour (from the inner stem), brushes/brooms (from the leaf rachis and fibres), palm sugar (made from the juice from male flowers), and fruit from the female flowers is called “kolang-kaling” commonly eaten in a sweet syrup. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. os one of oil-producing species which is widely cultivated in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss & Vilm., which is native to Java, produces edible fruits. The are also some ornamental palms such as Licuala grandis H.A.Wendl., Veitchia merrillii(Becc.) H.E. Moore and Raphis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry ex Rehd.
Adjacent to the palm area, the are some interesting plants such as the medicinal plant Altonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. or “pule” the bark of which is used as a tonicum; Musa ferrea L. of which the seed oil is used to treat scabies; and the Sapindus rarak DC. or “Klerak” from which the fruit are used to wash batic clothes.
In this area is also the largest flower in the world, Amorphophallus titanum Becc. which reaches1.8-2.0 metres high and about 30-40 cm in diameter. Flowers smell like carrion. Unfortunately this species produces flowers only once every 3-4 years.
On the southern edge of the palm area are planted Syzygium cuminii(L.) Skeels, also known as “Juwet” or “jemblang”. The fruit are edible, but not as popular as other species. There are many “juwet cultivars in the garden including “juwet daging”, “juwet gentong”, “juwet kerikil”, “juwet hitan” and “juwet putih”. The fruit, particularly of “juwet putih” is used to treat diabetes.
Mexican Park
The Mexican Park is in Region II. The park is not far from the main gate, walk a few metres then turn left and pass the sealed road lined with the rare tree species Aegle marmelos (l.) Corr., Limonia acidissima L.,Santalum album L. and Manilkara kauki (L.) Dubard. Santalum album L., commonly known as “sandalwood” or “cendana”, is native to Timor and the eastern islands of Indonesia. The oil produced from this species is commercially valuable.
Most species planted in the Mexican Park originate from Mexico, such as cacti and agave. Other genera found in the park include Sansevieria,Ophiopogon, Cereus, Euphorbia, Jatropha and Plumeria. Next to the park there is the “Giant Sengon” (Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb.) which is the biggest tree in the garden with a trunk diameter of 2.60 metre. The wood of this species is used for pulp and the seeds are edible after frying.
Fern Collection
The Fern Collection lies next to the ponds, about 200 metres from the main gate. Here is a shady place created by a mixture of canopy-forming trees such as Terminalia ivorensis A. Chev., Oroxylum indicum(L.) Vent, Spathodea campanulata Beauv. and Elaeocarpus grandiflorusJ.E. Smith. Beneath the canopy are growing about 80 species of ferns, belonging to 18 families. Asplenium nidus Linn. is well known as the “Bird’s Nest Fern” and grows as an epiphyte. The leaves form a shape similar to a bird’s nest which collects leaf-litter that is used by the plant as a source of nourishment. Cyathea contaminans (Hook.) Copel is a tree fern often used as an ornemental plant, for building materials and media for growing orchids. Because of the high demand for this species it is becoming endangered. Lygodium circinnatum (Burm.f.) Sw. or “string fern” is a climbing fern used for making handicrafts.
Fabaceae Collection
After entering the main gate, pass the Mexican Park and walk to the north side of the garden where the legume (Fabaceae) collection is. Here are planted native and exotic legumes such as Adenanthera pavonina Linn. or “segawe” which produces a red seed often used for decoration; Parkia javanica (Lmk.) Merr. or “kedawung” which is a medicinal plant; Parkia speciosa Hassk. or “pete” the seed of which is eaten as a vegetable; Cynometra cauliflora Linn. or “nam-nam” which is a rare species and has an edible fruit. There are also some climbing legumes such as Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth., Lysiphyllum binatum(Blanco) De Wit. and Phanera lingua (DC.) Miq.
Bamboo Collection
The Bamboo Area is not far from the Mexican Park. Some of the species in the collection come from Java, such as Gigantochloa manggong Wijaya (endemic to East Java); G. atroviolaceae Wijaya or “black bamboo”;Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backer ex Heyne or “pring petung” the young shoots of which can be eaten as a vegetable; Schizostachyum blumii Ness or “pring wuluh” which is used for making handicrafts and “seruling”, a kind of musical instrument.
Garcinia Lawn
The Garcinia Lawn lies about 300 metres from the main gate. SomeFeroniella lucida (Scheff.) Swingle which are well known as “kawisto kerikil”, are planted along the western edge of the lawn. The growth habit of this species is suitable for bonsai. Some interesting trees on the southern edge of the lawn are “mundu” (Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz.), a rare species which produces sweet fruit; “jati belanda” (Guazuma ulmifolia Lmk.) which is used to assist weight loss (slimming). On the northern edge of lawn can be seen Crescentia cujete Linn. or “majapahit” which has an historical account in the Majapahit period (an important Kingdom in the past), and it’s wood can be used for making handicrafts. There are also Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz,Hydnocarpus sumatrana (Miq.) Kds., Cerbera manghas Linn. and Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. that the Javanese call “pilang” and is a well-known semi-arid lowland species.
Across this lawn there is a stand of teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f.) which lose their leaves during the dry season and grow again during the rain season. Teak wood is high quality, hard and strong, and is very good for construction and furniture.
Bungur Avenue
In the rain season, the Bungur Avenue is very beautiful when the Bungur trees (Lagerstroemia thorelii Garnep.) are flowering. However, in the dry season the leaves fall and the trees are bare. This avenue is about 500 metres from the main gate, on the left side. The avenue also functions as the border between the Lauraceae and Annonaceae collections. Passing the avenue, in the northern part of the garden there are a number of collections from families such as Simaroubaceae, Burseraceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Clusiaceae, Myristicaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Malpighiaceae and Sterculiaceae.
Orchid Collection and Nurseries
The Orchid Collection is located in three glass houses which are located to the south of the garden’s office. There are 525 species of orchids in the collection, such as Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum J.J.S. which is endemic to East Java and has beautiful flowers in the shape of women’s slippers; Dendrobium phalaenopsis Fitzg.; Ascocentrum miniatum Lindl. which is becoming rare in nature; Phalaenopsis amabilis(L.) Bl. which is the floral symbol “puspa pesona” of Indonesia because of its beautiful flowers; Dendobium rumphianum T. & B. which is often used for breeding stock because of the long-lived flowers (up to 49 days).
There are 2 nurseries in the garden. The first nursery is next to the Orchid Collection and consists of 3 glass houses. If we walk 100 metres to the east from this nursery we will arrive at the Gymnosperm Collection. This collection consists of 11 genera, belonging to 7 families: Juniperus, Cupressus, Araucaria, Agathis, Taxodium, Thuja,Gnetum, Cycas, Podocarpus, Zamia and Dioon. The second nursery is in this area. Around the nursery can be seen the Bromeliad and Agave collection. In this area the Yam Collection of Dioscorea alata L., D. esculenta (Lour.) Burk., D. hispida Dennst., D. pentaphylla L., D. nummularia Lamk and D. bulbifera can also be seen.
Arboretum
If we walk along the main road about 800 metres from the main gate, on the right side we will find an arboretum. We can also reach the arboretum from the second nursery by following the sealed road (in front of the nursery), turn right into the Kenitu Avenue (Chrysophyllum cainito Linn.) and pass a square lawn. Some seeldings from the nurseries are planted in the garden as collections, but the rest are planted in the arboretum. The arboretum is dominated by Swietenia macrophylla King, Piptadenia peregrina Benth., Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.,Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Millettia xylocarpa Miq. andLagerstroemia spp. One of the aims of the arboretum is to display natural forest succession.
Just after the arboretum is the Mango Collection. In this collection are 4 species and 37 cultivars of mangoes, Mangifera indica Linn., M. foetidaLour., M. odorata Griff., and M. minor.
To the east of the Mango Collection, is a pond surrounded by species such as Canarium indicum Linn. which produces wood used in construction; Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. a medicinal species;Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Back. which produces tannin; and the ornamental species Stifftia chrysantha Mikan, Canna sp., Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Firmiana malayana Kosterm. The pond is also used to irrigate plants in this area. After enjoying the scenery around the pond, we walk past the Diospyros Avenue. Near this avenue is a collection of Ixora showing the variety of habit, leaf size and flower colour.
Banana Collection
The Banana Collection lies in the north-eastern corner of the garden. To reach the collection, walk along the main road for about 1 km, turn left, and walk past the Acanthaceae, Bignoniaceae and Verbenaceae collections. There are 150 cultivars of banana planted in this collection. Some are native to Java while others have been collected from other islands in Indonesia. Musa acuminata x balbisiana or “pisang kates” is one of the rare and threatened cultivars in the collection.
Opening Times
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is open to the public from 7:00 am until 4:00 pm, Monday – Sunday. The office is open Monday-Thursday from 6:00 am until 3:00 pm and Friday 6:00 am until 10:00 am. Visitors wanting information about the garden, the collections, seed or plant sales, and botanical research are welcome to visit the office during work hours.
There is a small admission charge. Parking is available for motorbikes, cars and buses. Cars are permitted to enter the garden with a special admission fee with the exception of Sunday and public holidays.
Visitor Code
Please help us to take care of the garden during your visit by following the rules.
We request visitors to remember to:
- Take out all rubbish with you and throw it into the litter bins available.
- Park only on sealed areas or in parking areas.
- Drive only on sealed roads.
- Leave pets and fire arms at home
- Pick, damage or remove plants.
- Bring or drink alcoholic beverages.
- Hunt any animals in the garden.
- Conduct amoral activities in the garden.
- Paint or write on stones, plants, seats and other parts of the garden
